Gastritis is an inflammation of the stomach lining. Gastritis can last for only a short time (acute gastritis), or linger for months to years (chronic gastritis).
Risk Factors:
- Infection with H. pylori
- Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)
- Any condition that requires relief from chronic pain using NSAIDS, such as chronic low back pain, fibromyalgia, or arthritis
- Alcoholism
- Cigarette smoking
- Older age
- Herpes simplex virus or cytomegalovirus
- Inflammatory bowel disease
The most common causes of gastritis are:
- Certain medications, such as aspirin, ibuprofen, or naproxen, when taken over a longer period of time
- Drinking too much alcohol
- Infection of the stomach with a bacteria called Helicobacter pylori
Less common causes are:
- Autoimmune disorders (such as pernicious anemia)
- Backflow of bile into the stomach (bile reflux)
- Cocaine abuse
- Eating or drinking caustic or corrosive substances (such as poisons)
- Extreme stress
- Viral infection, such as cytomegalovirus and herpes simplex virus, especially in people with a weak immune system
The most common symptoms of gastritis are stomach upset and pain. Other possible symptoms include:
- Indigestion (dyspepsia)
- Heartburn
- Abdominal pain
- Hiccups
- Loss of appetite
- Nausea
- Vomiting, possibly of blood or material that looks like coffee grounds
- Dark stools
Nursing Diagnosis and Interventions for Gastritis
1. Disturbed Sleep Pattern related to pain
Goal: sleep patterns back to normal
Expected outcomes: The improvement in sleep patterns
Nursing Intervention:
1) Perform assessment of the patient's sleep disorder problems, characteristics and causes lack of sleep.
R /: Provide basic information to determine a plan of nursing.
2) The state of the bed, the pillows were comfortable and clean.
R /: Improve comfort while sleeping.
3) Prepare for a night's sleep.
R /: Set the sleep pattern.
4) Collaboration drug delivery.
• Analgesic
R /: Relieve pain, increase comfort and improve the rest.
2. Anxiety related to lack of knowledge about the disease
Goal: Anxiety is reduced or lost
Expected outcomes: Looks relaxed and report anxiety is reduced at a rate that can be overcome.
Nursing Intervention:
1.) Assess the level of anxiety. Help patients identify coping skills that have been done successfully in the past.
R /: therapeutic intervention and participation in self-care, coping skills in the past to reduce anxiety.
2.) Suggest to express feelings. Give feedback.
R /: Make the therapeutic relationship. Helping people closest to identify problems that cause stress.
3.) Give an accurate and real information about what actions are performed.
R /: patient involvement in care planning provides a sense of control and help reduce anxiety.
4.) Provide quiet environment and rest.
R /: Move the patient from external stress, improve relaxation, help reduce anxiety.
5.) Encourage the patient / significant other to express concern, the behavior of concern.
R /: The act of support can help patients feel stress is reduced, allowing for directed energy on healing.
6.) Provide information about the disease process and anticipation of action.
R /: Knowing what to expect can reduce anxiety.
7.) Collaboration of sedative drugs.
R /: Can be used to reduce anxiety and facilitate rest.